Renal Function, Hypertension, and Sleep-Disordered Breathing

Sleep apnea is common in CKD and may worsen renal outcomes via hypoxia and sympathetic activation—supporting screening in nephrology and primary care.

  • Sleep Apnoea Syndrome Prevalence in Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Pisano A, Zoccali C, Bolignano D, D’Arrigo G, Mallamaci F.

    Quantifies how common sleep apnea is across CKD and ESKD, supporting routine screening in nephrology and primary care.

    [Clinical Kidney Journal (2024)]

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  • Sleep Apnea and Chronic Kidney Disease.

    Nicholl DDM, Ahmed SB, Loewen AHS, et al.

    High-quality clinical review summarizing mechanisms, outcomes, and screening/treatment implications for CKD patients.

    [CHEST (2019)]

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  • Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Older Men.

    Canales MT, Paudel ML, Taylor BC, et al.

    Links sleep-disordered breathing to albuminuria, supporting renal microvascular injury pathways.

    [Sleep (2011)]

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  • Sleep Apnea and the Kidney: A Review.

    Lyons OD, Ryan CM.

    Summarizes how intermittent hypoxia and sympathetic activation may accelerate CKD progression and worsen proteinuria.

    [Sleep Medicine Reviews (2019)]

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  • Night and Day Proteinuria in Patients With Sleep Apnea.

    Nicholl DDM, Hanly PJ, Poulin MJ, et al.

    Demonstrates altered protein excretion patterns in OSA, supporting renal stress effects beyond blood pressure alone.

    [American Journal of Kidney Diseases (2004)]

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  • Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Proteinuria in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

    Iseki K, Tohyama K, Matsumoto T, et al.

    Illustrates improvement in proteinuria with CPAP in severe OSA, supporting airway treatment as a renal risk modifier in select patients.

    [Clinical Kidney Journal (2012)]

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  • A Systematic Review on the Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Kidney Disease Outcomes.

    Sun X, Luo J, et al.

    Synthesizes evidence that OSA is associated with worse renal outcomes and highlights which phenotypes carry higher risk.

    [Sleep Medicine Reviews (2020)]

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  • Chronic Kidney Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Epidemiology, Bidirectional Mechanisms, and Treatment Considerations.

    Pisano A, D’Arrigo G, Bolignano D, et al.

    Mechanistic and clinical overview useful for primary care and nephrology handoffs, including how CKD can worsen sleep apnea and vice versa.

    [Review (accepted PDF) (2019)]

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https://academic.oup.com/ckj/article/17/1/sfad179/7420183
https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(19)33869-3/fulltext
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21206540/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1087079218301564
https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(04)00946-1/fulltext
https://academic.oup.com/ckj/article/5/3/257/430891
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1087079220300800
https://iris.unipa.it/bitstream/10447/367186/5/CKD-OSA%20REVIEW%20FINAL-ACCEPTED.pdf