Women's Health

Women often present differently than men and are underdiagnosed—especially across hormonal transitions like pregnancy and menopause.

  • Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

    Jordan AS, McSharry DG, Malhotra A.

    Details sex-specific differences in airway anatomy, hormonal influence, and symptom presentation in women.

    [Lancet (2014)]

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  • Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Treatment Implications.

    Lin CM, Davidson TM, Ancoli-Israel S.

    Demonstrates that women present with different symptoms and are underdiagnosed despite significant morbidity.

    [Sleep Medicine Reviews (2008)]

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  • Differences Between Men and Women in the Clinical Presentation of Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

    Shepertycky MR, Banno K, Kryger MH.

    Shows women more commonly present with fatigue, insomnia, mood disturbance, and headaches rather than classic apnea complaints.

    [Sleep (2005)]

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  • Sleep Apnoea is a Common Occurrence in Women After Menopause.

    Franklin KA, Sahlin C, Stenlund H, Lindberg E.

    Establishes menopause as a major risk inflection point for sleep-disordered breathing independent of BMI.

    [European Respiratory Journal (2013)]

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  • Hormonal Factors and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Women.

    Polo-Kantola P, Saaresranta T.

    Reviews the protective role of estrogen and progesterone and explains worsening airway stability with hormonal decline.

    [Sleep Medicine Reviews (2016)]

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  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

    Louis JM, Mogos MF, Salemi JL, et al.

    Associates sleep-disordered breathing in pregnancy with gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and hypertensive disorders.

    [American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (2014)]

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  • Sleep Disordered Breathing in a High-Risk Pregnant Cohort.

    Facco FL, Ouyang DW, Zee PC, et al.

    Demonstrates high prevalence of undiagnosed sleep-disordered breathing during pregnancy and links to metabolic and vascular risk.

    [American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (2012)]

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  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Women: an Underestimated Disease.

    Jehan S, Zizi F, Pandi-Perumal SR, et al.

    Summarizes sex-specific risks across the female lifespan, reinforcing the need for targeted screening and airway evaluation.

    [Journal of Sleep Research (2018)]

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Link List

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25059876/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18440891/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15700719/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23222877/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26898571/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24844407/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22177179/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29266330/